In OOP a class is a template definition of the Methods and variable s in a particular kind of object. Thus, an object is a specific instance of a class; it contains real values instead of variables.
A class can have subclasses that can inherit all or some of the characteristics of the class. In relation to each subclass, the class becomes the superclass.
Subclasses can also define their own methods and variables that are not part of their superclass.
The structure of a class and its subclasses is called the class hierarchy
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