Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to a wide variety of medical problems and disorders that can put their lives and the lives of their babies at risk. Pregnancy acts as a physical stress test for a woman's heart and circulatory system, posing significant risks not only to the forthcoming birth but also to the mother's long-term health. Healthy mothers can also have heart problems during pregnancy.

Female blood volume usually increases from 30% to 50% during pregnancy to supply nutrients to the developing baby. As the volume of blood increases, so does the amount of work the heart needs. A pregnant woman's heart must be twice as hard to circulate excess blood.

Blood pressure and heart rate can change significantly during and after childbirth, causing additional stress on the heart muscle. The excess amount returns to circulation from the placenta and is reabsorbed from the body after childbirth, allowing the heart muscle to dilate.

During pregnancy, childbirth, childbirth, and postpartum, women with pre-existing heart disease may develop more severe signs and symptoms. Heart problems can occur anytime during pregnancy or up to a year after a normal pregnancy.

Causes of heart disease during pregnancy

The body of a pregnant woman changes in many ways to guarantee the safety, comfort, and nutrition of the baby. The cardiovascular system is one of the ***** systems that goes through many changes, affecting a person's cardiovascular and overall health. Changes in a woman's circulatory and cardiovascular systems begin in the first trimester, peak in the second trimester, a plateau in the third, and then normalize or disappear one year after the baby is born. Some of the risk factors for heart disease during pregnancy are:

Irreversible and irreversible risk factors are called irreversible risk factors. The higher your risk of heart disease, the higher your risk factors.

• Anyone over the age of 30 during pregnancy.
• Pregnancy in multiples
• Previous complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia or gestational diabetes should be considered.
• Cardiomyopathy, myocarditis or endocarditis, arrhythmia, and congenital heart disease are all examples of pre-existing heart disease.

Risk factors that can be adjusted, treated, or managed through medication or lifestyle changes are called modifiable risk factors.

• During pregnancy, there is a risk of alcohol and/or drug abuse.
• Obesity is defined as having a BMI of 30 or higher.
• Nutritional deficiencies before and during pregnancy
• When your blood sugar, often called blood sugar, is too high, you have diabetes.
• Very high blood pressure

Symptoms of heart disease during pregnancy

The following signs and symptoms of heart disease may occur during pregnancy:

• Chest pain
• Dizziness/epilepsy
• Fatigue
• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) is defined as a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute.
• Asking to urinate more often at night
• Whooping cough
• The difficulty in breathing is severe.
• Swelling of the feet, hands, ankles, and hands

Diagnosis of heart disease during pregnancy

Your doctor will take a thorough medical history, evaluate your symptoms and perform a physical examination to rule out cardiac abnormalities. Your doctor may perform the following tests to see how your heart problem affects your pregnancy:

• Diagnostic procedures and tests
• An echocardiogram is an examination of the heart (ECHO).
• EKG / ECG stands for electrocardiogram.

Treatment of heart disease during pregnancy

Heart disease during pregnancy can be treated with lifestyle changes and in some cases a combination of medications. There are several treatment options available, including:

• A change in your lifestyle
• Avoid the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
• Smoking should be avoided.
• Eat good food for your heart.
• Follow your doctor's instructions when exercising.
• Consult your doctor about weight loss options if you are overweight.
• Control your anxiety.

Schedule and keep regular checkups and follow-up tests with your doctor.

Drugs

Medications you take while pregnant can affect your baby. However, the benefits often outweigh the risks. If you need medication to manage your heart disease, your doctor will prescribe you the safest medicine in the right dosage. Take your medicine exactly as prescribed. Do not stop or change your medication.