Difference between Interface and Abstract Class in .Net

In this blog, I’m explaining about interface and abstract class in .Net

Abstract Class

Abstract class contains incomplete and complete both type of method. It need to extended and implemented. It cannot be instantiated.

Abstract Class have the following feathers.

1.     An abstract class cannot be instantiated.

2.     An abstract class contain abstract members as well as non abstract member .

3.     An abstract method is implicitly a virtual method.

4.     It is an error to use the abstract modifier or static property.           

5.     An abstract class can has constructor.

6.     An abstract class cannot be inherited by structures.

 Example:

Namespace AbstractClass

{

public abstract  class BaseClass

    {public BaseClass(string msg)

        {

              System.Console.WriteLine(msg);

        }

        public  void display(double res)

        {

            System.Console.WriteLine("Result="+res);

        }

     abstract   public double sum(double var1, double var2);

    }

   public class DriveClass:BaseClass

    {

          public  DriveClass() : base("this is base class")

          {}

       public override double sum(double var1, double var2)

           {

             return (var1 + var2);

            }

    }

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            DriveClass objcs = new DriveClass();

            double var1,var2;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter first no.");

            var1=Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            Console.WriteLine("Enter Second no.");

            var2 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            double result=objcs.sum(var1,var2);

            objcs.display(result);

          }

    }

}

  class Program

{

               static void Main(string[] args){

            DriveClass objcs = new DriveClass();

            double var1,var2;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter first no.");

            var1=Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            Console.WriteLine("Enter Second no.");

            var2 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            double result=objcs.sum(var1,var2);

            objcs.display(result);

           }

       }

}

Interface

An interface contains only prototype of  method,  properties, events or indexers. It has no implementation. Implementation  of the methods is done by the class that which implements the interface.

Properties of interface

1.     Interface must be declared with  the key  word ‘interface’.

2.     It contains only incomplete method.

3.     Interface does provides facility for multiple inheritance.

4.     Interface can not contains constructors.

5.     Member of interface cannot be static.

Create an Interface Class

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

interface ICircle

{

 double Area(double radius);

}

interface IRectangle

{

double Area(double length, double breadth);

}

interface ITriangle

{

double Area(double basee, double height);

}

Example of interface

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

    public class InheritClass : ICircle,IRectangle,ITriangle

    {

        public void Print(string msg)

        {

            MessageBox.Show(msg);

        }

        double ICircle.Area(double radius)

        {

             return (3.14 * radius * radius);

        }

        double IRectangle.Area(double length, double                            breadth)

        {

            return (length * breadth);

        }

        double ITriangle.Area(double basee, double height)

        {

            return (basee * height);

        }

      }

}

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

    public partial class RectangleFrom : Form

    {

        public RectangleFrom()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        private void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            txtArea.Enabled = true;

            IRectangle objRect = new InheritClass();

            Doublearea= objRect.Area(Convert.ToDouble(txtLength.Text),              Convert.ToDouble(txtWidth.Text));

            txtArea.Text = area.ToString();

        }

    }

}

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

    public partial class CircleForm : Form

    {

        public CircleForm()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        private void bntSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            txtArea.Enabled =true ;

            ICircle objInteritClass = new InheritClass();

             double radius =objInteritClass.Area(Convert.ToDouble(txtRadius.Text));

             txtArea.Text = radius.ToString();

        }

    }}

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

    public partial class TriangleForm : Form

    {

        public TriangleForm()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        private void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            lblTriArea.Enabled = true;

            ITriangle objInheritClass = new InheritClass();

            Double  area=objInheritClass.Area(Convert.ToDouble(txtBase.Text), Convert.ToDouble(txtHeight.Text));

            txtArea.Text = area.ToString();

        }

    }

}

namespace InterfaceApplication

{

    public partial class InterfaceForm : Form

    {

        public InterfaceForm()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        private void btnCircle_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            CircleForm objCircleForm = new CircleForm();

            objCircleForm.Show();

        }

        private void btnRectangle_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            RectangleFrom objCircleForm = new RectangleFrom();

            objCircleForm.Show();

        }

        private void btnTriangle_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            TriangleForm objTriangleForm = new TriangleForm();

            objTriangleForm.Show();

        }

       }

}