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Home Interviews What is a keyPath and how is it used in IndexedDB? – MindStick
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ICSM Computer
ICSM Computer 01 Jul 2025
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In IndexedDB, a keyPath is a property (or path) within your stored object that serves as its primary key — a unique identifier for each record.

What is keyPath?

  • It's a string or array that tells IndexedDB which property of the object should be used as the key.
  • This key must be unique in the object store.
  • You define it when creating the object store.

How keyPath is Used

Example: Simple KeyPath

const request = indexedDB.open('MyDB', 1);

request.onupgradeneeded = (e) => {
    const db = e.target.result;

    // Use 'id' as the keyPath
    db.createObjectStore('users', { keyPath: 'id' });
};

Now, when you store an object like this:

store.add({ id: 101, name: "Alice" });

IndexedDB uses 101 (from id) as the primary key.

Example: Nested KeyPath

db.createObjectStore('orders', { keyPath: 'order.id' });

Here, the object:

{ order: { id: 999 }, item: "Pen" }

Will be stored with 999 as the key.

Example: Compound KeyPath

db.createObjectStore('contacts', { keyPath: ['firstName', 'lastName'] });

Now the combination of firstName and lastName is the unique key.

store.add({ firstName: "John", lastName: "Doe", email: "john@example.com" });
// Key: ["John", "Doe"]

Without keyPath (Manual Keys)

If you don’t use a keyPath, you must pass the key manually:

const store = db.createObjectStore('notes'); // No keyPath

store.add({ title: "Reminder" }, 1); // '1' is the key

Summary

Term Meaning
keyPath A field name (or array of names) in your object used as key
Purpose Tells IndexedDB where to find the key inside the object
Benefit No need to pass the key manually during add() or put()
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