What is the characteristic of streaming API that makes it flexible run MapReduce jobs in languages like Perl, Ruby, Awk etc.?

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Hadoop Streaming allows to use arbitrary programs for the Mapper and Reducer phases of a MapReduce job by having both Mappers and Reducers receive their input on stdin and emit output (key, value) pairs on stdout.

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What is the characteristic of streaming API that makes it flexible run MapReduce jobs in languages like Perl, Ruby, Awk etc.?

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