What is the difference between in-memory caching and distributed caching?

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Khushi Singh · Answer

Distributed caching and in-memory caching represent two different performance enhancement methods which decrease database retrieval time to boost application speed. Different technological approaches between these caching technologies exists even though they share some common operations.
1. In-Memory Caching
The data in in-memory caching remains kept in the RAM memory of one server for immediate access. The quick response of RAM compared to disk-based storage makes data retrieval from memory results in substantially better application performance. In-memory caching functions optimally for speeding up data retrieval operations and decreases database query repetition.
Characteristics of In-Memory Caching:
Memory storage operates on a single machine through RAM.High-speed access with low latency.The caching method faces limitations because a single server controls RAM storage capacity.Session maintenance and temporary data storage and numerous queries happen through its usage.The system loses cached data when a server suffers a crash unless the data persists to other locations.The most common distributed cache systems use Memcached and 
Redis as single-node instances.
2. Distributed Caching
Multiple servers and nodes join forces in distributed caching to create a distributed system where cache storage is available across several machines. The distributed caching setup helps applications handle larger volumes of data through equal distribution of cache storage amongst multiple computing systems.
Characteristics of Distributed Caching:
The distribution of data across many servers enhances a system's ability to grow.Data replication provides fault tolerance along with high availability because data exists in multiple copies.The system supports very large data collections which surpass the capabilities of one single server memory storage.This technology serves cloud solutions as well as microservice environments and extensive distributed computing systems.These systems implement distributed caching features at a higher complexity level than memory-based approaches because network latency factors become a factor.Examples: Redis (in cluster mode), Amazon ElastiCache, Apache Ignite.
Key Differences
The speed of ultra-fast data retrieval from in-memory caching comes at the cost of limits to a single machine but distributed caching uses multiple nodes to achieve scalability and fault tolerance. Smiths, large-scale distributed systems depend on distributed caching solutions but small and fast data applications perform better with in-memory caching.

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What is the difference between in-memory caching and distributed caching?

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