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home / developersection / forums / how the @property decorator work in python?
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Utpal Vishwas
Utpal Vishwas

Student

I am Utpal Vishwas from Uttar Pradesh. Have completed my B. Tech. course from MNNIT campus Prayagraj in 2022. I have good knowledge of computer networking.

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2 Answers

Aryan Kumar
Aryan Kumar 19 Apr 2023
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In Python, the @property decorator is used to define a method as a getter method for a class attribute. It allows you to access the attribute using the dot notation as if it were a regular property, while also allowing you to add custom logic to the attribute's getter method.

Here's an example of how the @property decorator works:

class Rectangle:
   def __init__(self, width, height):
       self._width = width
       self._height = height
   @property
   def width(self):
       return self._width
   @width.setter
   def width(self, value):
       if value <= 0:
           raise ValueError("Width must be positive")
       self._width = value
   @property
   def height(self):
       return self._height
   @height.setter
   def height(self, value):
       if value <= 0:
           raise ValueError("Height must be positive")
       self._height = value
   @property
   def area(self):
       return self._width * self._height
Krishnapriya Rajeev
Krishnapriya Rajeev 13 Apr 2023
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In Python, a decorator encloses a function, adds a number of features, and then returns the result. 

The @property decorator in Python is used to define a method as a read-only attribute of a class. It allows us to access a method like an attribute, without the need to invoke it like a function.

Here's an example to illustrate the usage of @property decorator:

class Person:
   def __init__(self, name, age):
       self._name = name
       self._age = age

   @property
   def age(self):
       return self._age

   @property
   def name(self):
       return self._name

   @name.setter
   def name(self, name):
        self._name = name

Here's how the @property decorator works:

  1. First, a method is defined inside a class, and the @property decorator is added before the method definition.
  2. The @property decorator tells Python that the method is a getter method, which means that it will be used to retrieve the value of a private class variable.
  3. The method is given a name that matches the name of the private variable it will be used to retrieve.
  4. The private variable must be defined outside the method, usually at the beginning of the class definition, and must be prefixed with an underscore to indicate that it is a private variable.
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