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Home Interviews How to implement the Python Match. – MindStick
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1 Answers

ICSM Computer
ICSM Computer 23 Sep 2025
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Python introduced the match statement (structural pattern matching) in Python 3.10. It’s somewhat like switch in other languages, but far more powerful because it can destructure and match data structures.

Basic Syntax

def http_status(code):
    match code:
        case 200:
            return "OK"
        case 404:
            return "Not Found"
        case 500:
            return "Internal Server Error"
        case _:
            return "Unknown"
  • match <expression> → evaluates the value.
  • case <pattern> → checked against the value.
  • _ → wildcard (default / “else”).

Matching Multiple Values

match command:
    case "start" | "run":
        print("Starting...")
    case "stop" | "end":
        print("Stopping...")
  • Here | acts like OR.

Matching with Variables (Destructuring)

You can “unpack” objects inside patterns:

point = (3, 4)

match point:
    case (0, 0):
        print("Origin")
    case (x, 0):
        print(f"On X-axis at {x}")
    case (0, y):
        print(f"On Y-axis at {y}")
    case (x, y):
        print(f"Point at ({x}, {y})")

Using if (Guards)

number = 15

match number:
    case x if x > 10:
        print("Greater than 10")
    case x:
        print("10 or less")

Matching Classes / Data Classes

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y): 
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

p = Point(1, 2)

match p:
    case Point(x=0, y=0):
        print("Origin")
    case Point(x, y):
        print(f"Point({x}, {y})")

Key Points

  • match is not just switch — it supports destructuring.
  • Patterns can be literals, variables, wildcards, sequences, dicts, classes, etc.
  • Guards (if) add conditions inside case.
  • _ matches anything (like default in switch).
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