SQL Server Error 9002 occurs when the transaction log becomes full and cannot allocate additional space. Common causes include long-running transactions, insufficient disk space, failed or infrequent log backups, and excessive log growth.

Start by checking the log usage and the reason preventing log truncation:

DBCC SQLPERF(LOGSPACE);

SELECT name, log_reuse_wait_desc
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name = 'YourDatabaseName';

If the database is using the FULL recovery model, take a transaction log backup to free reusable log space. Also verify available disk space and configure an appropriate log file size and autogrowth setting.

For a more detailed investigation, SysTools SQL Log Analyzer Tool can be useful. It analyzes SQL Server transaction log (LDF) files to identify transactions and log activities, helping administrators investigate what is contributing to excessive log growth and troubleshoot Error 9002. This can be particularly helpful when you need to examine the transaction log beyond what standard SQL Server commands provide.