Explain the Python Strings

ICSM · 2025-09-15T22:32:47.390Z

Explain the Python Strings also related methods with example

Python Strings

A string in Python is a sequence of characters enclosed in single quotes '...', double quotes "...", or triple quotes '''...''' / """...""".

Strings are immutable → once created, they cannot be changed in place.

Examples:

s1 = 'Hello'
s2 = "World"
s3 = '''
Multi-line
String
'''
print(s1, s2, s3)

String Basics

text = "Python"

# Length of string
print(len(text))   # 6

# Indexing
print(text[0])     # P
print(text[-1])    # n (last character)

# Slicing
print(text[0:4])   # Pyth
print(text[::2])   # Pto (step of 2)

Common String Methods

Here’s a categorized list with examples:

1. Case Conversion

msg = "hello python"
print(msg.upper())    # HELLO PYTHON
print(msg.lower())    # hello python
print(msg.title())    # Hello Python
print(msg.capitalize()) # Hello python
print(msg.swapcase()) # HELLO PYTHON

2. Searching & Checking

txt = "Python is fun"

print(txt.startswith("Py"))  # True
print(txt.endswith("fun"))   # True
print(txt.find("is"))        # 7  (first index)
print(txt.rfind("n"))        # 12 (last index)
print(txt.count("n"))        # 2
print("Python" in txt)       # True
print("Java" not in txt)     # True

3. Formatting

name = "Anna"
age = 25

# Old style
print("My name is %s and I am %d years old" % (name, age))

# format() method
print("My name is {} and I am {}".format(name, age))
print("My name is {0} and I am {1}".format(name, age))

# f-string (Python 3.6+)
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age}")

4. Modifying Strings

data = "   python   "

print(data.strip())   # removes spaces → "python"
print(data.lstrip())  # removes left spaces
print(data.rstrip())  # removes right spaces

txt = "one,two,three"
print(txt.split(","))   # ['one', 'two', 'three']

words = ["Python", "is", "awesome"]
print(" ".join(words))  # "Python is awesome"

print("py" * 3)  # repeat → pypypy

5. Replacing

msg = "I love Java"
print(msg.replace("Java", "Python"))  # I love Python

6. Validation (Checking String Type)

s = "Python123"

print(s.isalpha())     # False (contains digits)
print(s.isdigit())     # False
print(s.isalnum())     # True (letters + digits)
print("123".isdigit()) # True
print("python".islower()) # True
print("HELLO".isupper())  # True
print("Hello".istitle())  # True
print("   ".isspace())    # True

7. Other Useful Methods

txt = "banana"
print(max(txt))  # 'n' (highest Unicode char)
print(min(txt))  # 'a'

# Encoding/Decoding
print("Hello".encode())  # b'Hello'
print(b'Hello'.decode()) # Hello

Quick Summary Table

Method	Purpose
`upper(), lower(), title(), capitalize(), swapcase()`	Change case
`startswith(), endswith(), find(), rfind(), count(), in`	Searching
`strip(), lstrip(), rstrip()`	Remove spaces/characters
`split(), join()`	Convert between list and string
`replace()`	Replace substring
`isalpha(), isdigit(), isalnum(), islower(), isupper(), istitle(), isspace()`	Validation
`format(), f-string`	String formatting
`encode(), decode()`	Encoding/Decoding

String Slicing Tricks

Slicing syntax:

string[start:end:step]

start → index to begin (default 0)
end → index to stop (excluded)
step → how many characters to skip (default 1)

1. Basic Slicing

text = "PythonProgramming"

print(text[0:6])   # Python
print(text[:6])    # Python (start defaults to 0)
print(text[6:])    # Programming (till end)
print(text[:])     # PythonProgramming (whole string)

2. Skipping Characters

print(text[::2])   # Pto rgamn (every 2nd char)
print(text[::3])   # Ph rgm (every 3rd char)

3. Reversing a String

print(text[::-1])   # gnimmargorPnohtyP
print(text[::-2])   # gimroPhy (reverse every 2nd char)

4. Partial Reverse

print(text[6:0:-1])   # margor (reverse slice from index 6 to 1)

5. Last N Characters

print(text[-3:])    # ing (last 3 chars)
print(text[:-3])    # PythonProgramm (all except last 3 chars)

Escape Sequences

Escape sequences allow special characters inside strings.

Escape	Meaning	Example
`\'`	Single quote	`'It\'s fine' → It's fine`
`\"`	Double quote	`"She said \"Hi\""`
`\\`	Backslash	`"C:\\Users\\Anna"`
`\n`	Newline	`"Hello\nWorld"` → prints on 2 lines
`\t`	Tab	`"A\tB"` → A B
`\r`	Carriage return	`"Hello\rWorld"` → Worldo
`\b`	Backspace	`"Helloo\b"` → Hello
`\f`	Form feed (page break)	Mostly used in printing
`\ooo`	Octal value	`"\101"` → 'A'
`\xhh`	Hex value	`"\x41"` → 'A'

Examples:

print("Hello\nWorld")  
# Hello
# World

print("Column1\tColumn2")  
# Column1   Column2

print("She said \"Python is fun\"")  
# She said "Python is fun"

print("C:\\Users\\Anna")  
# C:\Users\Anna

print("Backspace test: ABC\bD")  
# ABD

Bonus: Raw Strings

If you don’t want escape sequences to be processed, use a raw string with r"".

path = r"C:\Users\Anna\Documents"
print(path)   # C:\Users\Anna\Documents

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Explain the Python Strings

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1 Answers

Python Strings

Examples:

String Basics

Common String Methods

1. Case Conversion

2. Searching & Checking

3. Formatting

4. Modifying Strings

5. Replacing

6. Validation (Checking String Type)

7. Other Useful Methods

Quick Summary Table

String Slicing Tricks

1. Basic Slicing

2. Skipping Characters

3. Reversing a String

4. Partial Reverse

5. Last N Characters

Escape Sequences

Examples:

Bonus: Raw Strings

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